Principles of Language
What is Language
"Language is a system of symbols" (Ownes, 2016, p.3). Language is a combination of words that we use to speak or write to exchange information. Each language has principles or rules:
Principle 1: Language is a system of symbols
- Reading - Knowledge of symbols are needed to understand what is written.
- Writing - Correct letters and punctuation is needed to write the correct sentences.
- Spelling - Correctly spelling a word to communicate the proper symbol intended to be used.
- Vocabulary - Every symbol means something different.
- Handwriting - Writing the correct word is important to use the proper symbol.
- Oral Language - Saying the correct words means to use the correct symbol for its intended.
- Reading: Conventional language is needed to understand written words.
- Writing: Unconventional text can be difficult understand or write.
- Spelling: Conventional words are used to help everyone understand.
- Vocabulary: Conventional meaning behind words makes it easy for everyone to understand each other.
- Handwriting: We are taught how to write the alphabet because it's less complicated to understand the same system of letters.
- Oral Language: Each language follows basic rules to communicate clearly.
- Reading - Language is always changing, there's always new ways to understand written communication.
- Writing - Words can be communicated differently through text.
- Spelling - Words are always changing and so is spelling, words can be abbreviated but the meaning stays the same.
- Vocabulary - Words are constantly being changed and words are always being added.
- Handwriting - The way we write certain words and letters are not always consistent.
- Oral Language - New terms and words are changed with time.
- Reading - We are able to understand each others thoughts, ideas, emotions and receive information through language.
- Writing - This allows us to understand each other without having to verbally communicate.
- Spelling - Correct spelling is needed to clearly understand each other.
- Vocabulary - Using the correct words allows us to be better understood.
- Handwriting - Being able to write different words allows us to communicate.
- Oral Language - Being able to verbally communicate allows us to share our thoughts, feelings, and ideas.
Language Development Theories
For you to gain a better understanding of how children develop lmentanguage as it relates to reading, writing, spelling, vocabulary, handwriting, and oral language, we must first go over what language development is.
Language Development is the way children learn to express or understand their own thoughts and emotions as well as others. This process starts at a very young age and continues as they grow older.
Many theories suggest how language and early literacy are developed; however, we'll be focusing on the constructive and social interaction theory. Jean Piaget developed the constructivist theory in 1969. This theory suggests that children develop language by engaging in self-directed activities, exploring their environment, and interacting with other children and adults, rather than just being taught words. The "Constructivist theory suggests that children are constantly forming and testing hypotheses about language structure" (Morrow, 2019, p.114). On the other hand, the social interaction theory suggests that language is developed through personal interactions with other people through conversation (Morrow, 2019, p.117).
Social Interaction Theory:
- Reading - Reading out loud or with someone else can help a better understand emotions, make better connections, and understand text more.
- Writing - Revised writtning from another person can provide feedback on how to improve.
- Listening - Hearing what others are saying shapes the way a people start to speak.
- Speaking - Conversation with people can help develop or evolve the way someone speaks.
- Visually Representing - This can help people communicate and share with others their thoughts.
- Reading - Those who are reading are figuring out the text on their own.
- Writing - Revise written communication without peers.
- Listening - Listening to others communicate.
- Speaking - Conversing with others helps to use their own knowledge of words.
- Visually Representing - Uses images to represent what they know.
- Reading - Reading and listening to books teaches children to associate words with its meaning.
- Writing - Practicing how to write strengthens their ability to create proper sentences.
- Spelling - The spelling of words become more accurate the more practice is involved.
- Vocabulary - Vocabulary is increased as more reading practice is done.
- How they acquire language: In public environments like at school.
- How it differs from the way others acquire language - Language is usually acquired first at home as a child.
- How they acquire language - In public environments like at school.
- How it differs from the way others acquire language - Language is usually acquired first at home as a child.
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